Montana Railroad Cancer Lawsuits

Understanding Toxic Exposures in Montana Rail Yards

There are a number of toxic substances on site in most rail yards, and some workers have some exposure to several carcinogenic materials in a single day of work. Below are some of the more common chemicals and exposure risks at rail yards:

• Diesel exhaust, emitted from locomotives, contains benzene and fine particulates, may be inhaled by almost anyone who spends time in a busy rail yard. Diesel exhaust exposure is linked to lung and bladder cancers.
• Asbestos, once insulating a majority of older equipment and buildings, remains a hazard in old job sites.
• Creosote, used to treat wooden ties, releases carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during handling, and increases skin and lung cancer risks.
• Silica dust, generated when grinding or dumping ballast rock, is inhaled by track maintenance of way workers, contributing to lung cancer and silicosis.
• Benzene, a very hazardous compound found in solvents and diesel fumes, poses leukemia risks during degreasing parts, painting and other basic rail yard tasks.
• Welding fumes, loaded with toxic chromium and nickel, expose repair crews to lung cancer risks.
• Pesticides, when applied along tracks by track maintenance crews, raise the risk of developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Montana’s rail yard machine shops and roundhouses often had poor ventilation, heightening the work hazards listed above. The latency times of some related cancers complicates early detection, and many retired workers, aged over 60, are now diagnosed many years after exposure.

Railroad Occupational Cancer Risks

Studies point to evidence of elevated cancer rates among rail workers everywhere. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) reports a 30-40% higher lung cancer risk from diesel exhaust, while asbestos exposure accounts for additional lung cancer and mesothelioma cases. A 1987 study found 21% of railroad workers over 50 had significant asbestos exposure, a risk persisting in older rail yards. Silica dust and benzene can also contribute to risks of developing lung cancer, leukemia, and other hematologic cancers.

The establishment might downplay cancer risks as an unfortunate thing of the past, but evidence suggests ongoing toxic exposure, especially in maintenance roles. The following types of Montana railroad workers may be most vulnerable:

Maintenance Workers (Mechanics and Technicians)

These workers repair locomotives and equipment, facing high levels of diesel exhaust and solvent exposure, increasing risks of lung cancer, leukemia, and liver damage. Working with heavy tools and machinery heightens the chance of lacerations, burns, or crush injuries, while confined spaces amplify inhalation hazards.

Track Workers (Trackmen and Laborers)

Tasked with maintaining or repairing tracks, trackmen and maintenance of way workers inhale silica dust from grinding ballast and absorb creosote from treated ties. Manual labor near moving trains or unstable ballast poses risks of falls, fractures, or being struck by equipment, with poor lighting or weather worsening these dangers.

Welders and Metal Fabricators

Welding tracks or railcars releases fumes with chromium and nickel, significantly increasing lung cancer risk. Prolonged exposure in enclosed yards heightens inhalation hazards. Burns from welding arcs and injuries from heavy metal parts are common, compounded by ergonomic strain.

Freight Handlers and Loaders

Loading or unloading hazardous cargo exposes many workers to benzene from fuel spills, elevating leukemia risks. Lack of ventilation in cargo areas amplifies exposure. Heavy lifting and equipment operation lead to back injuries, slips, or crush hazards, especially during busy periods.

Yard Engineers and Conductors

Operating trains in yards exposes conductors to diesel exhaust, with benzene and particulates posing lung and bladder cancer risks, particularly during idling or shunting.

A large number of workers face compounded risks due to inadequate ventilation, outdated safety gear, and chronic toxic exposure.